Що таке TPS? Вичерпний гід 2025 року щодо швидкості блокчейна та реальної торгівлі

For new users entering the world of cryptocurrency, TPS has become just as important a metric as asset prices.

Understanding TPS isn’t just foundational for grasping blockchain technology—it’s also key to optimizing your trading strategies, reducing transaction costs, and seizing market opportunities. In this article, we’ll break down the mysteries of TPS from basic concepts to the latest data, and show you how it directly impacts your trading experience on platforms like Gate.

01 TPS Fundamentals: The Core of Blockchain Speed

TPS, or "Transactions Per Second," is the most straightforward performance indicator of a blockchain network’s processing capacity. It measures how many transactions a network can confirm and record on the blockchain every second.

Simply put, the higher the TPS, the faster the blockchain processes transactions and the less likely the network is to get congested.

This metric is crucial to user experience. Imagine trying to buy or sell quickly during a volatile market—if the network is slow, delayed confirmations could mean missed opportunities or losses. TPS isn’t just about technical performance; it directly affects your transaction costs and efficiency.

02 The Speed Ladder: 2025 TPS Rankings Across Major Blockchains

Not all blockchains operate at the same speed. According to industry data from 2025, different blockchains show dramatic differences in TPS performance, forming distinct tiers of capability. These differences stem from each network’s unique technical architecture and consensus mechanisms.

The chart below offers a clear view of the theoretical maximum TPS rankings for leading blockchain networks, highlighting the gaps between various performance levels.

It’s important to note that the theoretical maximum (Max TPS) often differs significantly from the observed average TPS.

Take Solana as an example. Its theoretical TPS reaches as high as 65,000, but its observed average TPS is around 1,053.7. According to a performance report from April 2025, some networks have demonstrated impressive real-world throughput—Gate Chain achieved an average TPS of 4,800, while TON reached 4,300.

03 The Technology Race Behind Performance

The race for blockchain speed is fundamentally a race of architectural innovation. Next-generation high-performance blockchains like Solayer have adopted revolutionary designs such as the InfiniSVM architecture. By leveraging hardware acceleration and multi-executor cluster designs, transaction processing is split into microservices and assigned to dedicated hardware, dramatically reducing single-point bottlenecks and enabling near-unlimited horizontal scalability.

Key technologies include remote direct memory access for high-speed data exchange between nodes, and hybrid consensus mechanisms that combine proof of authority and proof of stake—specifically optimized for handling over a million TPS.

These breakthroughs at the foundational level have allowed blockchain networks to leap from Bitcoin’s single-digit TPS era to today’s tens of thousands, and even theoretically millions of TPS.

04 From On-Chain Speed to Trading Experience: Why TPS Matters to You

As a trader, a blockchain’s TPS translates directly to your transaction experience and costs.

A network with low TPS and frequent congestion means longer confirmation times. During periods of high volatility, your orders may not be executed promptly. More directly, transaction costs rise—the more congested the network, the higher the fees you’ll need to pay.

Conversely, high-TPS networks like Solana, Sui, or Gate Chain offer faster transaction confirmations and more stable fee environments.

Choosing to transfer and trade assets on efficient blockchains means less waiting and more predictable costs. For high-frequency traders, arbitrageurs, or anyone looking to time the market precisely, this is a critical consideration.

05 Practical Optimization: Achieving Fast, Low-Cost Trading on Gate

Once you understand the importance of TPS, you can optimize your trading efficiency on comprehensive platforms like Gate by making strategic choices.

First, pay attention to the network your assets are on. When depositing or withdrawing assets on Gate, the same token (such as USDT) may be available across multiple networks (like ERC-20, TRC-20, Solana, etc.).

Selecting networks like Tron or Solana, which feature higher TPS and lower fixed fees, is usually faster and more cost-effective than using the Ethereum network.

Next, take advantage of the platform’s fee structure. High-TPS base networks solve on-chain efficiency, while the exchange’s own efficiency is reflected in transaction processing speed and fee schedules. According to Gate’s official information, its system boasts robust processing capabilities and offers flexible fee discount mechanisms.

You can significantly reduce trading fees by increasing your trading volume to reach VIP levels, or by holding and staking the platform token GT. For high-frequency traders, these savings can add up quickly.

Finally, stay informed about market developments. Blockchain technology evolves rapidly, with new scaling solutions and higher-performance networks emerging all the time. By keeping up with these trends, you can migrate your assets to more efficient and cost-effective ecosystems as soon as they become available, maintaining a competitive edge in your trading.

Qubic’s theoretical peak reaches a staggering 15.52 million TPS, while the Bitcoin network steadily maintains around 7 TPS. On Ethereum, a single transfer might cost tens of dollars and take several minutes, whereas on Solana or Gate Chain, the same transaction could cost just fractions of a cent and be confirmed in seconds. In this silent race for speed, the ultimate winners are those who master it—and enjoy a superior trading experience as a result.